Hindu Law
Hindu law in its current usage refers
to the system of personal laws (i.e., marriage, adoption, inheritance)
applied to Hindus, especially in India.[1] Modern Hindu law is thus a
part of the law of India established by the Constitution of India
(1950). Modern Hindu law refers to one of the personal law systems
of India along with similar systems for Muslims, Sikhs, Parsis, and Christians.
This Hindu Personal Law or modern Hindu law is an extension of the Anglo-Hindu
Law developed during the British colonial period in India, which is in turn
related to the less well-defined tradition of Classical Hindu Law.
Muslim Law
The All India Muslim Personal Law
Board (AIMPLB) is a non government organization constituted in 1973 to
adopt suitable strategies for the protection and continued applicability
of Muslim Personal Law in India.
Christian Law
Christians
in India have had different laws on succession. The British Indian
Government enacted the Indian Succession Act of 1865 on the
recommendations of the 3rd Law Commission. This Act was intended to be
applied to different communities in British India who did not have a law
of their own in matters of succession. It was specifically provided
that it would not apply in the case of Hindus, Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs
or Janis. But its provisions were to apply in the case of
Christians.The Christian Law of Marriage in India is governed by the
Indian Christian Marriage Act of 1872.
Marriage, as is seen in Christian tradition, is not
merely a civil contract nor is it purely a religious contract. It is
seen as a contract according to the law of nature, antecedent to civil
institutions and by itself an institution. A marriage among Christians
is traditionally understood as the voluntary union for life of one man
and one woman to the exclusion of all others, and Indian law follows
suit, so that India does not allow for the possibility of same-sex
marriage as it has been celebrated by some churches in other countries
in recent years.
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